Water Plants

Water Plants
Hydrophyte
Aquatic plants also called hidrofit (Ing. Hydrophyte) are plants that have adapted to living in aquatic environments, both sets of part or all of his body. Water plants depend on life in water, not just the muddy ground and sometimes dry, though the term hidrofit used also for plants that can adapt to the wet conditions, but daily grow in soils with normal water content.

Aquatic plants usually pinned on vascular plant that live in water, such as the amount of water spikes (member nation Salviniales, Ceropteris thalictroides) or lots of seed plants (of various genera (genus), both monocots and dicots). Some mosses (such as Riccia and Ricciocarpus) also live floating in the water. Seaweed is not considered a plant of sea water because it is not true vascular.

Characteristic features
Here are the characteristics of the water plant :

• Thin cuticle. Cuticles especially preventing water loss, so most hydrophytes no need for cuticles.
• Stomata are open most of the time because of abundant water and therefore no need for it to be stored in the plant. This means that the stomatal guard cells are generally not active.
• Increasing the number of stomata, which is on one side of the leaf.
• Less rigid structure: the water pressure to support them.
• Flat leaf on the surface of the plant for flotation.
• Air sacs for flotation.
• Small roots: water can be spread directly onto the leaves.
• Lightweight roots: no need to support the plant.
• Special roots can take in oxygen.

For example, some types of buttercup (Ranunculus genus) float slightly submerged in water; simply extend the flowers on the water. The leaves and roots are long and thin and almost hair-like; This helps spread the mass of plants over a wide area, making it lighter. Root length and thin leaves also provide a greater surface area for uptake of mineral solutes and oxygen. The average width of the leaves of water lilies (family Nymphaeaceae) helps distribute the weight over a large area, thus helping them float near the surface. Many fish which maintain aquatic plants in the tank to control phytoplankton and moss by removing metabolites. Many types of aquatic plants are invasive species in various parts of the world. Water makes particularly good crop of mourning because they doubled vegetatively from fragments.


Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)
This type of plant requires water and soil media, usually placed in a clay pot is high. Lotus flowers are very large, there are white and red. Green lotus leaves and large, but there are also small. Lotus stem stalk can reach one meter more. Lotus flowers will appear and bloom in conjunction with a religious holiday, when it started to grow and blossom always coincide with the celebration of a good Catholic religion, Islam, Hinduism and Buddhism



Kapu-kapu (Pistia stratiotes)
Plants of this type require soil and water media, if most of the water and exposed to direct sunlight, the leaves will quickly hancur.Biasanya this plant is used to place ornamental fish spawn, because it has long roots that hang down water.


Jasmine water (Echinodorus paleafolius)
White flowers grow on long stems lined up in a number of several florets. After blooming alternately in the morning, water jasmine flowers will furl. Usually from the former flowers growing shoots of plants. Water jasmine leaves somewhat stiff, the surface and the bottom covered with coarse hairs.

At these plants, there are three kinds of leaves that were found are large round, oval big and small oval stained. Each has a similar interest, but with different plant sizes. This type of plant is not resistant to sunlight throughout the day. If the leaves become yellowish, should move to a less protected.



Pandan water (Pontederia cordata)
Also called pickerel rush, these plants bloom throughout the year and reached a high of approximately 1 meter more. stalk sustain long leaf heart resemble but extends 25 cm. Each stalk plants have at least 2-4 leaves. The flowers are very beautiful. Purplish blue color is small clustered in bunches on the towering stalk.

Pondeteria need sunshine from early morning until noon. Note the plant environment. When to overly moist, stems and leaves can be immediately overrun by fleas.

TYPES OF WATER PLANTS
1. Plants In Water
Water plants are plant species ranging from root until the end of the stem and leaves are submerged in the water. Water plants are widely used in the Aquascape / aquarium fresh water or fresh water aquarium.
As an example of the type - the type of aquatic plants to plant in water, which are:

• Hygrophila polysperma
• Bacopa sp
• Rotala machandra
• Ludwigia sp
• Cryptocorine
• Anubias
• Wallisneria spiralis
• Water algae

2. Plant Floats
Is a species of aquatic plants that float on the water surface that moves slowly and that the surface of the water is calm. Usually this type - the type of floating aquatic plants is growing very fast so that it can cover the surface of the water
As an example of the type - the type of aquatic plants for floating plants, which are:

• Water hyacinth
• Watercress
• Lotus
• Papyrus / Cyperus papyrus
• Cyperus / Cyperus alternifolius
• Typha / Typha angustifollia
• Jasmine water / Echinodorus palaefolius
• Thalia geniculate
• Pontederia
• Sagitaria
• Water poppy
• Giant arum
• Water weeds

3. Crop Edges
Is a kind of - kind of aquatic plants that grow on the banks of the water basin. This type of water plant is a complement of the pool so usually for pools - very formal, there are not many choices of types of aquatic plants to plant this edge.
As an example of the type - the type of aquatic plants to plant ledges, which are:

• Iris domestica
• Choenoplectus lacustris
• Darmera pellata